文化整合视野下政治沟通

政治文化作为政治体系的心理层面,对政治结构与政府行为、对人民的政治活动方式等方面有着重要影响。因此,政治文化因素也是影响政治沟通的重要层面。我国的政治沟通承担着重要的任务。它一方面肩负着党和政府的国家意志、政策政令下达等任务;另一方面也承担着人民向上的利益表达的责任。政治沟通是国家和人民沟通的重要形式。但目前,我国的政治沟通不能满足我国社会发展的需要,理由是我国的政治沟通还存在着不少的不足,这其中,政治文化因素的影响不容小视。我国的政治文化是由我国特定的国情决定的,因为文化具有传承性与相对的稳定性,因此,我国的政治文化主要是古代政治文化,近代西方政治文化、现代社会主义的政治文化的混合体。特别是革新开放以来,我国的政治环境更加开放,使得我国的政治文化更加多样化。在这多样化的政治文化影响下,国民的政治意识与政治行为也呈现出多样化。有些人民受“君权”思想的影响,对政治呈现冷漠的态度;有些政府官员依然有官本位思想,不为群众办实事,有群众提出沟通意向甚至置之不理;有些人民的政治参与意识很强,但由于我国的沟通体制尚不完善,导致利益表达不能很好的实现。这种种表现,都严重影响着我国的政治建设、政策的贯彻和人民权利的实现。因此,整合多样政治文化,推进我国主导政治文化的建设,对提高我国的政治认同感、对我国公民社会的实现,人民积极的政治参与有着重要的意义。政治文化的整合过程,本身就是沟通的过程,整合后形成我国主导的政治文化,又会对我国的政治沟通产生积极的意义。目前,我国主要的政治沟通模式是党和政府主导下的科层制的沟通模式,这里面包括会议制度、文件制度、信访制度等。此外,还有社会团体的沟通模式、大众传媒的沟通模式等。在这些沟通路径中,存在着沟通动力不强,渠道不畅、反馈失衡等不足,而这些不足,很大程度上是受我国社会中存在的官本位膨胀、沟通意识缺乏、公民意识薄弱等不足的影响。要想我国的社会和谐、人民认同,政治沟通是十分重要的,如何使人民的权力得到伸张,使我国的政令、理念能够得到贯彻,符合我国国情要求的政治沟通是必不可少。面对我国多样的政治文化对政治沟通的影响,整合政治文化,使其能够推动我国政治沟通的建设乃至整个政治体制的建设,并进一步完善政治沟通自身的建设,才是根本之道。首先,我们必须用社会主义的政治文化来整合其多样性,积极培育参与型政治文化,转变人民的观念,推动政治沟通的进行;加强思想政治教育,使政治沟通朝着符合我国社会发展的方向前进;培养妥协和理性的理念,使政治沟通更加符合我国社会、法治、和谐的要求。其次,我们必须推动政治体制革新,为政治沟通提供一个良好的外部环境,积极探索有利于政治沟通发展的新制度,推动政治沟通的发展。此外,还必须积极完善政治沟通自身的建设。只有这样,才能建设好、发展好我国的政治沟通,使其为真正成为我国政治乃至整个社会前进的桥梁。

【Abstract】wWw.shuoshilunwen.com As the psychological of political system, political culture has an important impact on political structure,government action and the ways of people’s political activities.Therefore, political culture also is an important aspect which has an important impact on political communication.Political communication undertakes the important task. On the one hand, it is responsible for the issued of the will of the state and the policy decree of the party and government. On the other hand, it is undertake the responsibility of expression of people’s interests.Political communication is an important form with which country and people can communicate with each other. Currently, political communication can not meet the needs of social development in China.The reason is that the political communication exits still many problems.The political culture’s influence is inconsiderable among these.Political communication is determined by China’s specific national conditions.Because culture has succession and relative stability, our political culture is the mixture of ancient political culture,modern western political and modern sociali political culture.Especially since the reform and opening up,more open political environment in our country, which make political culture more diversity.Under the influence of the diversity political culture,people’s political consciousness and political behior also shows diversity. Some people political apathy under the influence of monarchical ideas; Under the influence of the idea of official standard, some government officials do not do practical things for people, some people he the intention to make communication, they even ignored.Some people he strong sense of political participation, the communication system is not perfectly, however, their expression of interest can not achieve good.These all he seriously affected the implementation of democracy, policy and the democratic power of the people.Therefore, integrate the diverse political culture,promote the dominant political culture of China, is important to the improvement of China’s identity, to the realization of civil society, to the active political participation of the people.The integration process of political culture, is also the process of communication.The formation of dominant political culture of China after the integration, will he positive significance to political communication.Currently, the main mode of communication in China is the hierarchical mode of communication under the party and government-led, which include meeting system, file system, petition system and so on.In addition, there he also the mode of communication of social groups, the mode of communication media Etc.In these communication paths, there lack strong motivation to communicate, poor channel and feedback imbalance, and these issues,largely affected by official standard expansion, lack of communication awareness and weak of civic awareness Etc.If we want to achieve harmony in our society, if we want to promote identity in our people,the political communication is important.How to make people’s democratic rights to be done, how to make our policy, decrees are implements, the political communication which meets the requirement of China’s national condition is necessary. Face the influence which the diverse political made on the political communication, integrate political culture,to make it can contribute to the construction of the political communication as well as the construction of the entire political system, and further improve the construction of the political communication, are the fundament.Firstly, we must use the socialist political communication to integrate their diversity. Actively foster participate political culture, to change people’s ideas, to promote the conduction of the political communication; Strengthen ideological and political education, make political communication towards the direction of our society development; Training philosophy of compromise and reason, make political communication meet the requirement of democracy, the rule of law and harmony of our society.Secondly, we must promote political reform, to provide a forable external environment for political communication.Actively explore new system which conductive to political communication, to promote the development of political communication.In addition, we must actively improve the construction of the political communication itself.Only in this way, we can construct and develop our political communication, make it a bridge which can promote the construction of politics and even the whole society.

【关键词】 政治文化;文化整合;政治沟通;
【Key words】 political culture;culture integration;culture communication;

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