新世纪以来美国留学政策变化与对中国影响和

【Abstract】wWw.shuoshilunwen.com Entering the new century, driven by the economic globalization, the field of education has also ushered in an era of globalization. Studying abroad, as a typical pattern of the educational globalization activities, has rapid development in the twenty-first century and the numbers of international students sharp increase. While the heat we of studying abroad occurs all round the world, the huge economic benefits brought by the large number of international students is becoming to be felt and the securities of the host countries gathering international students are attracting more and more people’s attention.The United States, as a big country in the world, he the best higher education resources of the world and the talents of the world’s are eager to study in the colleges and universities of the United States. Studying international students policies of the United States appears significant and he a special meaning.Since the new century, briefly speaking, the international students policies of the United States he adjusted three times. First adjustment, happened after the "911 Incident", was a reform to the previous international students policies. This reform covered almost all aspects of the international students policies, including major selection, admission requirements, the number of admission, regional sources and some other aspects. The strict visa policies and the decrease of the international students’ privacy made a great psychological impact and an actual effect to the international students. The second adjustment happened four years after the "911 Incident". This time is in the demand of all parts of interests. The international students policies were gradually becoming loosened. In this period, the United States Government and the colleges and universities in the United States actively adjusted the studying policies to the international students to express their warm welcome to the international students from all over the world. The latest adjustment was happened after the American Subprime Mortgage Crisis in 2007. The Butterfly Effect brought by this Subprime Mortgage Crisis influenced the international students educational policies, making the international students policies changed in admission requirements, admission numbers, provision of the financial aids and the rules of internship period in order to adapt the domestic situation and continuously to attract the top international students to the United States.These three changes happened in the new century does not mean that the international students policies of the United States is unstable and of no principle. After a period time of studying the international students policies of the United States, the three changes in the new century can be summarized as follows: deviation of objection in fear, value return after the calm thinking and fine tuning in the economy storm. The American international students policies he adjustments, but the policies always revolve around one objection that is to attract the top students all over the world by the open and effective international students policies, to pass the American culture and values to keep the country’s soft power, and to defend country’s safety, benefits, and the great power status. Generally, the factors causing the policies to adjust are unexpected political events, the economic conditions of the United States and the other countries’ competition.China, as the biggest country of origin with the greatest number of the international students, is sure to be influenced by the changes of the international students policies of the United States. On one hand, the number of Chinese students studying in the United States is closely related to the international students policies of the United States. On the other hand, faced with the attracting talent strategy of the United States, Chinese government gives a positive response. Our country will not be willing to one-way flow of talent. Chinese government promulgated a series of policies to encourage talent "backward flow" and talent "import".Through the study of the international students policies of the United States, we can draw enlightenment. First, the good international educational exchanges are the important factor to strengthen the national soft power in the new century. Entering the new century, the global information age, country’s strength is becoming less visible or coercive, especially in the advanced countries. Soft power significantly increased the proportion of weight in today’s national strength competition. Our country should actively participate in the global education exchange through which our excellent traditional culture will be known. Secondly, our government should look on the educational exchange activities as a kind of country’s strategy. It has been seen that a country with a good international education policy can develop quickly because these good policies can provide the country talented people who are the driving force for the country’s development. Therefore, we should develop good international education policy to attract the top students to China. Finally, the colleges and the universities in our country should seize our characteristics and features to enhance their charm to attract the international students. We can improve the system of the scholarship, increase publicity, and accelerate the internationalization of university teachers. Hope more and more excellent students can enjoy Chinese higher education.