谈美国汉学到中国学变迁

【Abstract】wWw.shuoshilunwen.com After World War II, overseas Sinology developed very rapidly. Apart from the French dominating the Sinology of Europe, American Sinology gradually evolved to“the American China studies”. Unlike Europe, the United States emphasized on more practical aspects of research, such as politics, the economy, education and social science research. This caused a direct impact on Europe’s traditional study of Sinology, leading American Sinology to be highly recognized. Not only is USA a typical modern, capitalist country, it is also today’s most research developed region. It has a vast influence on other countries’and regions’research on China. For this reason alone, researching on the development of American Sinology is highly significant.This article is divided into three parts for analyzing. The first part is the characteristics of America’s early development of Sinology. It introduces America’s early missioners of Sinology; the early establishment of the Sinology research organization development, the impact of Europe’s traditional Sinology on American’s Sinology. Forming the basis for the passage below which analyzes the tranormation of American Sinology, indicating the transition of American Sinology in response to the inevitable trend of the transition of Sinology. The second part is the most important. John King Fairbank was the founder of America’s Sinology and earned the reputation of“the father of Sinology”. This part describes the relationship of Fairbanks’academic experience with the changing development of America’s Sinology. From Fairbanks’most initial Sinological research to his famous“Impact– Response”model then to the sudden rise of Harvard on China indicating the American Sinology is different with other countries’sinology research developing processes. Firstly this is related to the tradition of American history. Secondly, it is related to the influence of the World War II and thirdly, the series of work by Fairbank. In the third part of this article, America’s development and influence has on modern China study is discussed. It describes how“the Chinese center observes”starts in America and development changes of other countries, denying Fairbanks’“Impact– Response”model. It indicates American’s Sinological development; academically how it has created a new prospect unlike others, leading it to a new Sinological development direction.