早期儒家政治哲学

【Abstract】wWw.shuoshilunwen.com An important proposition of the modern Chinese political philosophy is the question whether democracy was established.As China’s long political courses of value theory and the most far-reaching philosophy, whether Confucian philosophy and democratic ideas can get consistency , will become an important mission of modern Confucian scholars to complete the construction of the theory. And the new Confuciani who he a wide range of affects do the positive try and effort in this aspect. According to different criteria, regime can be divided into different forms, generally can include feudal society, monarch autocracy and a republic. China is still not produced a democratic regime. However, early form of Confucian political philosophy and relevant theories of the regime to inspect, and then, at best we can only form of said it belongs to the feudal barons system, is enlightened monarchy, but you can never be equal to its simply despoti of the form.The paper’s first chapter, mainly from the Angle of regime’s essence to discuss, investigating on this issue of early Confuciani to reveal the relevant expositions of political philosophy of early Confuciani such a characteristic that it will regime in public and sketched the ideal and the reality with way to united in itself. Confucian political philosophy, discussed the related to revolve around the regime is discussed, and problems to be solved and we first nature of the problem is the political power. Regime, especially state power, and in essence is a kind of public power, and grasp the political power the institutions of public authority also. This, can produce process from regime confirmed: initial regime is gradually formed by tribal alliance between the, the tribe is through common elections and ShanRang way realization regime power traner. However, "the emergence of GuTianXia" pattern changed the regime, which the public power became a furniture some property, which clearly violated the regime’s essence. But this essence but will still be here for political practice reflected.Around this public power problems, according to different standard , form of regime had been divided into different types, the pre-qin period form and the regime cannot be simply boils down to tyranny, this from early Confuciani paper to this question can be found on the. The source of Confucian will regime to return for "days with multiple attribute," is the son of the days give days. However, the world become bereed highway is a hereditary become regime under the whole heen, and inheriting way, this apparently destroyed regime characteristics, extremely easy to tyranny. This problem he their own Confucian solution: on the one hand, in the reality of GuTianXia acknowledged that "based on" strategic "world, keep the ideals, and the management of the authorities put forward many provisions, appease conflict; On the other hand, also emphasizes the legitimacy of the revolution. In addition, early Confuciani the essence of about regime included the related theory of Confucian "home countries in the theoretical premise isomorphi" ethic, praise highly political, it’s obviously in combination with Confuciani GuTianXia "reality of" to the understanding, the purpose is obviously to get through promoting the most basic ethic morality to regulate social order, thereby ensuring political stability.On the early Confuciani, we should be objective understanding of the recognition and evaluation. First, the Confucian affirmed Jun’s status and the function, but the requirement to Jun is to be holy gentleman, this is the moral requirement to the king, and the implementation of its power to provide a standard; Secondly, the article expounds in Confuciani, male ideals and private reality in practice, Confucian compatible forward "world for" the political landscape, no doubt, this is also a kind of political requirements; Finally, the "home countries isomorphi", despite its regime theory in the subsequent time significance, but its opposite evolved into the history of the restrictive factors.After the nature of the regime is revealed to explore, we must explore the source and the legality of the existence of regime. The second chapter is basically combing and analysising about early Confuciani legitimacy related theory of power, then points out that the political philosophy early Confuciani contains the full identity to public opinion, although the regime legitimacy is not complete, but cannot say that it will its completely overlooked. The acquisition and establish a regime, the first to ensure its own source of legitimacy. On this issue early Confuciani already comprehensively discussed. In the Confucian political philosophy, points out the regime in the legitimacy of three elements: heen, the public opinion and history. Among them, "day to" and public opinion, it is the legitimacy of England-but regime basis in reality. Yet in reality, the legality of heen and the historical culture is usually Jun monopoly, in specific political practice operation process, the regime’s legitimacy tend to become incomplete, namely "gentleman he" runs, "the" people "days has" exclusive, thus to autocratic regimes. The only way to produce power almost ShanRang, revolution, including hereditary, that is the way with Germany by force, and lack of bottom-up exclusive TianDao of thought. Produced regime In addition, the Confucian political philosophy to the legitimacy of erosion problems also regime described, as the revolution to overthrow tyranny the legitimacy of the regime acquisition modes made demonstration.Papers of the pre-Qin period the third chapter will existing regime form, and combining the analysis for the division of western, and points out that the regime form the regime at form is positive significance to the monarchy. From the perspective of history, the regime’s form, can be divided into Taoist highly "emperor way", the Confucian thoughts, the thoughts of "benevolent YiZheng" and "reserve" thought and legali "bossy" thought, all these claims to later generations he had a profound impact, shall give an objective evaluation.Zhou dynasty practiced a regime system structure and early Confuciani highly political pattern, is established on the public and legitimacy of regime based on the inheritance. The political philosophy of early Confuciani embodies ideas, triggered by public opinion the people-oriented thoughts, out of heen triggered by king thought and morality counterwork holy, these are very thoughts has reference value. Early Confuciani moral obligation to build a type society, it is the subject of depends respectively and the class, their reliance on principle is "neutral" with democracy thought, this is a crucial difference. Will therefore, Confucian ideal political practice mode is embodied in the "world people", it can strengthen the gentleman and a mean differences, highlight the role of enlightenment ideas. Based on this basis, we can draw the conclusion: the early Confucian political philosophy is "highly WangZhi theory of" thought. The pre-Qin society’s regime is at best, never was absolute monarchy.The chapter 4 is mainly discussed the theory of early Confucian regime for rational factors and the significance of modern regime. The theory about early Confuciani regime has its rationality of factors, and the construction of modern regime has a positive meaning. Its ideological content and practicality of the ideal nature for the existence of unified power provides basis for regime, and the provisions of the legality of regime run more reasonable. In addition, it sounds regime goal is to construct a harmonious society. Democratic political reform in the meanwhile, combined with the Confucian political philosophy early part, can make good modern regime theory more reasonable, make regime the specific operation more harmonious, also oid the modern democracy brings some drawbacks and unstable factors.