山水画之眼

点景就是山水画中的景物点缀,主要是指人物和人事有关的屋宇、桥梁、舟楫、亭观等等。他们与描写大自然的山水画默契巧妙地结合。成为构成一幅作品不可少的因素。充分显示了中国画天人合一的思想观念,以及人与自然的亲密关系。由于人与自然关系紧密,所以山水画面中不乏人物的出现。早在原始社会万物一片荒芜之时,先民们便把人的命运与山水崇拜山水祭祀活动联系在一起,如内蒙古阴山岩画、广西花山岩画、云南沧源的崖画、还有李斯的石刻等等,便是上古时期山水祭祀活动所留下的遗迹。由于自然山水与人类的生活、活动息息相关,并且不被人所能制约掌握所以它在人们心目中是神秘且带有威慑力的。魏晋时期老庄、玄学思想及隐逸文化的影响使山水精神成为中国人的重要思想哲学,尤其是成为文人士大夫的一个重要思想观念。成为中国传统人文精神的最高体现。人的生活行为与自然山水紧密相连,导致了人们将自身的感情融入于自然的山水之中。人们在体悟自然感受自然的过程中,让心灵得到净化,使人的心灵像自然的山川一样静逸、宽广并有所包容。像宗炳所说“于是闲居气理,扶觞鸣琴,披图幽对,坐究四荒”达到传统人文精神的终极境界“天人合一。”因此自然山水和山水作品是离不开“人”的。“圣贤瑛于绝代,万趣融其神思。”人们的情感寄托于山水之中。创作灵感在山水中得到启发,最后又通过山水作品表达出来。人和人的情感充实丰富了山水作品的内涵,使山水作品的思想精髓得以升华。点景作为“山水画之眼”成为山水作品中人文精神思想表达的一个重要落脚点,画家把作品中的人物比作自己,把自己的情感安放在作品中的人物身上,自己不能实现的愿望通过作品的人物来实现。通过人物来满足自身的情感需要。摆脱世俗的羁绊。成为画家抒发内心情感的窗口、平台。成为山水作品中不可缺少的有机组成部分。点景的内容形式多样以人们的生产、生活为依托和基础,在生活中吸收营养又在绘画中反映了出来。体现人们当下的情感和状态。又从个别方面折射出当下社会生活环境。使画面更加生动丰富充满感彩。在构图方面点景对画面的整体起到点缀、平衡、辅助、谐调的作用还大大提升了山水作品的观赏性,和生动性。使作品“可游”“可居”达到了情景交融的艺术效果,非常值得大家研究并探讨。随着时代的交替和发展点景艺术也顺应时代呈现出不同的特点。总体上说都是受了社会大文化背景的影响。或者细致精密,或者简约概括。点景各具种类又作为山水画的组成部分对画面起到重要的补充作用。所以本文欲从“点景”这一方面作一个全面的研究与总结希望能在过程中有所收获从而帮助对山水画的学习与理解。

【Abstract】wWw.shuoshilunwen.com The point of view of the scenery is dotted landscape, mainly refers to people and personnel-related buildings, bridges, and boats, kiosks view and so on. They describe the nature of the landscape and understanding cleverly combined.Constitute a work as essential factors.Fully demonstrated the Chinese painting ideas of Heen, and the close relationship between man and nature.The close relationship between man and nature, so beautiful picture appears lacking in character.Back in the primitive society, when all deserted, the ancestors put the fate of the festival landscape with the landscape linked to worship, such as Inner Mongolia Yin Rock, Flower Mountain in Guangxi, Yunnan Cangyuan the rock paintings, stone carvings, and so there Lisiis the landscape in ancient times traces left by the festival.Due to the natural landscape and human life, activities closely related to, and not to master so it can control the minds of the people with the mysterious and deterrence.Zhuang Zi Wei and Jin Dynasties, Metaphysics and the seclusion of the landscape and cultural spirit of the important thinking of the Chinese people to philosophy, in particular, is to become an important literati ideas.Become the highest expression of the traditional humanistic spirit.Behior of people’s lives are closely linked with the natural landscape, leading people to their own feelings of being integrated into the natural landscape. People in understanding the natural process of natural feeling, so that the spiritual purification, as the people’s spiritual nature, like mountains and Yi Jing, broad and somewhat inclusive.Like Bing said, "So homebound gas management, supporting the feast Ming Kum, Phi Figure quiet, sitting four Shortage" to achieve the ultimate realm of traditional humani "Heen." So the natural landscape and the landscape work is inseparable from"people"."Sage on the peerless Ying, Wan financial interest in their mental state." Emotional sustenance people into the landscape.Inspired be inspired by the landscape, and finally expressed through landscape works.And the person’s emotional enrichment of the landscape content of the work, spirit and essence of the landscape works to sublimation.Point of view as a "landscape of the eye" into thinking of landscape painting in the expression of human spirit is an important end-result, the painter than the work of the people for himself, his own emotions placed in the work of the people who can not achieve their aspirations throughPeople work to achieve.Through the characters to meet their emotional needs.Get rid of worldly fetters.Become a painter to express inner feelings of the window platform.Landscape works to become an integral part of the indispensable.Point of view the contents of the various forms to people’s production and life as the basis and foundation of nourishment in life and was reflected in the painting.lt reflects the current feelings and state.And from individual aspects of social life reflects the current environment.Make the picture more vivid colors rich with emotion.Point of view in terms of composition, the overall play of the decorative screen, balance, support, harmonization is also greatly enhanced the role of the ornamental landscape painting, and vitality.To work "to trel" "livable" to achieve the artistic effect of the scenes and is very worthy of study and explore.Alternating with the times and development point of view art of the times show different characteristics.Overall are subject to the general social and cultural background.Or meticulous precision, or simple generalizations.Each with another type of point of view as an integral part of the landscape on the screen to play an important complementary role.So this desire from the "point of view," this context as a comprehensive research and end hopes to gain something in the process to help learning and understanding of the landscape.

【关键词】 点题;情感释放;衬托主体;
【Key words】 highlighted topics;emotional release;set off the main;

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