ZIGBEE无线传感器网络在水文自动测报系统中应用

【Abstract】wWw.shuoshilunwen.com China is a developing country with the uneven distribution of water resources and natural disasters especially floods often strike it. Therefore, how to forecast and prevent floods is important for the Ministry of Water Resources in China. Ministers often forecast hydrological data and make a decision mainly based on hydrological information, which makes it become significant to forecast hydrological information timely and accurately. With the rapid development of science and technology, the traditional hydrological information collection technology cannot satiy the need of the water management today However, the automatic system of hydrological data acquisition can realize the automatic acquisition and processing of hydrological data. The system is made of wireless sensor network technology, RTU technology, computer network technology, database technology.The wireless sensor network technology is the basis of the whole system, responsible for the collecting, aggregation and forecast of hydrological data such as rainfall, water level, temperature and so on. For the traditional one has some shortcomings such as less observation points, slow data acquisition and unreliable data tranission and so on. Fortunately, the wireless sensor network can solve the problem effectively. Therefore, the reseracher designs a wireless sensor network model based on ZigBee technology.In the network based on ZigBee techonology, CC2430 rf Chip from TI company is adopted as the core component and the hardware circuits are designed, inculding Coordinator Node and Sensor Node. Each node circuit uses the modular design so as to reduce complexity and increase generality between devices and stability. For the software design, the IAR EW integrated development environment and Z-Stack protocol Stack from TI company are adopted. Moreover, according to the function requirements of each node, the corresponding program flow chart and the Data frame format are designed. In all, the above software and hardware designs are helpful for achieving low complexity, low power consumption, low cost.The paper first proposes the development background and significance of the reserach, and briefly introduces the struture and characteristics of wireless sensor network; Secondly, the brief introduction the characteristics of ZigBee technology, its equipment composition, the network topology structure and routing protocols are presented and the detailed description of the protocol stack and its structure and function of each layer are presented; Thirdly, the functional requirements and the overall design model of the wireless sensor network based on ZigBee technology used for the automatic system of hydrological data acquisition is proposed based on the analysis of the network structure and its application environment. Then, the core of the paper is introduced in this part including the software and hardware designs of each node in the network. Finally, the author makes a summary and offers the prospect of the reserach. To sum up, the research provides an effective solution for the automatic system of hydrological data acquisition.