郭璞诗歌

郭璞是两晋之交著名文学家,因其大部分作品创作于东晋时期,历代学者在对郭璞诗歌的研究过程中,普遍将郭璞归入东晋诗人。郭璞过江时已过而立之年,处于他的思想成熟期,深深烙下了西晋文学思想的烙印,对于其诗歌的研究不能仅从东晋时期来浅析浅析,而应从西晋、东晋两个时期来着眼。两晋之交是中国社会的一个大动乱时期,291年贾南风联合司马玮诛杀杨骏,皇室内部争权夺势的“八王之乱”爆发,304年,刘渊叛晋,自封汉王,中原政局混乱,生活在刘渊势力范围的郭璞,经洛阳、庐江逃往江南。两晋时期又是一个思想大解放的时期,儒术一家独尊的局面已经严重动摇,而司马氏外儒内法、外儒内道的执政方式,对本时期的文人心态产生了重要影响,自然也影响了郭璞的创作心态和文学观念。素族的家庭出身对郭璞仕途的影响几乎是决定性的,但从学术倾向上来说,并不仅仅与当时清谈之风的不合,更重要的是其“语力、怪、乱、神”的神仙家言违背了儒家治国的经学传统。而他“不修威仪”的行事做法,不单是因为仕途蹭蹬,抑郁难遣而故作旷达,与他获邀名誉以求仕进是分不开的。根据郭璞部分四言、五言诗的内容和反映的思想特点,可以确定诗歌创作年代。郭璞以其《游仙诗》十九首确定了其在文学史上的地位,历来研究者对其研究也主要针对其十九首《游仙诗》,对四言诗的研究涉及较少。魏晋诗歌因为“四言正体”与“五言流调”在创作形式上的不同,其表现出来的总体特点也存在很大差异。郭璞这两种不同形式的诗歌,在思想内容与艺术特点上表现出了很大的差异。郭璞的诗歌深受西晋时期诗歌典雅化传统的影响,特别是四言诗基本沿袭了西晋诗歌典雅化的传统,而《游仙诗》十九首则反映了西晋后期诗歌的新风气,属于两晋之交诗歌中的别样一支。

【Abstract】wWw.shuoshilunwen.com GuoPu is a famous litterateur between Dongjin and Xijin, Guo Pu’s most works were created in the Dongjin,scholars in the study of poetry of Guo Pu, generally will be classified him as a Dongjin poet.The age of GuoPu arrivaled JiangNan was over his Mature thinking, deep bears the imprint of the Literature in ideas for his poetry of the XiJin, Can not be researched only from the DongJin, and should be from the DongJin and XiJin two periods to focus on.Jin period is a period of confusion in Chinese society, in 291 years, Jia Nanfeng combined SimaWei killed YangJun, the maneuver potential in the royal family was of broke out ,that is the "Eight Kings Rebellion", in 304, LiuYuan rebelled Jin and self-proclaimed King of Han, Zhongyuan political chaos, Guo Pu living in the sphere of influence of LiuYuan, He by way of the Luoyang, Lujiang fled to the south.Jin period is a period of ideological emancipation, Confuciani’s situation has been shaken severely, and the Sima’s governing style, the mentality of the era scholars had an important impact, and slao affect the GuoPu’s creative mentality and literary concepts.GuoPu’s family background almost decided his politcal career, but the academic tendency, not just not conform to the talk wind, more importantly is his "language ability, strange, chaotic, and God" immortal words contrary to the rule of Confuciani. And his practice of doing things "does not mention dignified manner", not only because career meet with setbacks, depression, and pretending to be broad-minded removal difficult, and was he wanted more fame in order to inseparable.According to part of GuoPu’s four- characte verse,fiver- characte verse reflect the ideological content and features, can determine when the poem was written.GuoPu’s nineteen“Fairy Poem”determined his position in literary history, Scholars has always been their study focused on the nineteen“Fairy Poem”,and the four- characte verse involved less. WeiJin Dynasty poetry as the "four words are the body" and "Five Characters epidemiological survey" in the creation of different forms, and its general features shown there are very different, GuoPu’s two different forms of poetry, in the ideological content and artistic features he demonstrated a great deal of difference. GuoPu’s poetry was influenced by the elegance of the traditional poetry of XiJin Dynasty, four- characte verse basically followed the Poetry of the elegance of the poetry especially, and the nineteen“Fairy Poems”reflects the new trend of the late XiJin, belonging to the Jin a different kind of poetryof the Jin.

【关键词】 郭璞;诗歌;思想内容;艺术特点;
【Key words】 GuoPu;poetry;ideological content;artistic features;

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