陕甘宁边区发展民营经济政策与其历史演进

抗日战争及解放战争时期,陕甘宁边区建立并发展了新主义的经济体制。新主义经济是新主义共和国的经济基础,是介于资本主义和社会主义之间的一种过渡性质的经济。公营经济、合作经济、个体经济、私人资本主义经济成为新主义经济的四个组成部分。这就是所创立的新主义经济理论。与这一理论相吻合,又指出,边区的经济分为公营经济和民营经济两大部分,而民营经济既不是绝对的社会主义性质,也不是绝对的资本主义性质,其内部既包含具有社会主义性质的合作经济,也包含具有资本主义性质的私营经济。新主义革命时期,民营经济的发展成为决定中国命运的关键性因素。基于对民营经济在边区整体经济环节中的突出地位和其发展对整个边区乃至全国社会进步所起的特殊重要的历史作用的科学认识,中国和陕甘宁边区政府在抗战时期确定了“公私兼顾”与“主要民营,部分公营”的发展民营经济的方针和原则,并根据战争形势的变化不断调整其具体政策;抗战胜利后,又根据变化了的国内国际政治经济形势,适时调整边区民营经济的发展政策,对其采取既鼓励、保护又适当限制的发展原则。在中国和边区政府制定的正确发展民营经济的政策指导下,边区的民营经济得到了迅速发展,对边区经济和社会的发展起到了积极的推动作用。新主义革命时期,陕甘宁边区发展民营经济的政策根据革命形势的不断向前发展,根据历史发展不同阶段边区政治经济实际情况的差异而呈现为一个不断完善、不断演进的过程。实践证明,边区发展民营经济的政策的演进是符合当时历史发展趋势的。研究这一政策及其历史演进,对我们今天正在进行的大力发展民营经济的实践具有可资借鉴的意义。

【Abstract】wWw.shuoshilunwen.com During the Anti—Japan war period and the liberation war period, Shaanxi—Gansu—Ningxia border area to establish and develop a new democratic economic system. New Democracy economy is the economic foundation of the new democratic Republic, between capitali and sociali is a transition between the nature of the economy. Public economy, economic cooperation, individual economies, the private economy has become the new democratic capitalist economy four components. This is Mao Zedong created a new democratic economic theory. In line with this theory, Mao Zedong pointed out that the economic area is divided into public and private economic two most economic, and the private economy is neither absolute socialist nature, nor is the absolute nature of capitali, with both its internal nature of the socialist economic cooperation, but also included the private nature of the capitalist economy. During the new-democratic revolution, the development of the private economy as a key factor in the decision of the fate of China.Based on the private economy in the area, the overall economy and the prominence of its development to the entire area and even national social progress of the special and important role in the history of scientific understanding, the Chinese Communist Party and government of Shaanxi—Gansu —Ningxia border area in the War period defined "Gongsijiangu" and the "major private, some public," private economic development guidelines and principles, and the war situation changes constantly adjusted according to their specific policies; After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War and in the light of the changed international and domestic political and economic situation, and appropriately adjust area private economic development policies, to take both encourage and protect the development of principles and appropriate restrictions. CPC and the government in formulating the correct area of policy development under the guidance of the private economy, the private economic areas he achieved rapid development in the areas of economic and social development has played a positive role in promoting.During the new-democratic revolution, Shaanxi—Gansu—Ningxia border area private economic development policy of constant development based on the revolutionary situation, according to the historical development of political and economic realities of different stages border differences emerged as a constant improvement, evolving process. Practice has proven that the development of the private economic policy area is the evolution of the trend of historical development. Study the policy and its historical evolution of our ongoing practice of vigorously developing the private economy will be able to build on significance.

【关键词】 陕甘宁边区;民营经济;公营经济;新主义;私营经济;
【Key words】 Shaanxi—Gansu—Ningxia border area;Private economy;Public economy;the New Democracy;Private economy;

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