清末女子留学探究

【Abstract】wWw.shuoshilunwen.com Women’s going abroad appeared at the time when the whole nation was in a crisis, so it was doomed to shoulder the double missions: sing the nation from extinction and seeking female emancipation. When the imperial powers bombarded China’s gate with military, women were still in the state of isolation from national affairs, and totally depended on men, which is denounced by the whole country. Thus, a female emancipation movement which advocated casting off foot-binding, obtaining knowledge had been launched in the land. At this time,the purpose of women going aboard was to accompany their father and brother studying, which was different from the four women going aboard leading by missionary by chance. With the capitalist revolution Party came into the stage of politics, the ocation of raising“female citizen“was brought out. At the same time, the lack supply of female teachers provided the chance for them to go abroad. So, going abroad had become an important route to shoulder the social responsibilities and sing the nation from extinction. Women who had gone abroad studied hard , and had recepted the advance of the west, so they comprehended deeply that education was essential to change the status of female. Facing strong burden of feudali and imperiali, women must make groups, so, during abroad, they founded different journali, organized female corporations in order to unlock women’s intellect, advocate women’s rights and publicize patrioti, they had become a new force of Chinese women emancipation movement. From going abroad by missionary at the very beginning, to study accompany of their husbands, to revolutionary fighting for equal rights, women‘s going abroad at the end of Qing dynasty went through a developing course from dependency to impendency. As the elite of intelligent women, female students studying abroad had began to summon all females getting knowledge, competing the equal rights with male, this was just the reflection of awareness of their self-consciousness.The first two chapters mainly investigates the developing course of women’s going abroad at the end of Qing dynasty, including policies of studying abroad for women. The third chapter begins with social activities done by female students studying abroad, and discusses the process of awareness from foot emancipation to soul emancipation of the female in Qing dynasty, so as to reveal the close relation between the awareness of self–consciousness and female studying abroad movement