基于金融生态理谈商业银行发展

【Abstract】wWw.shuoshilunwen.com Since 2007, after the U.S. subprime mortgage crisis, the intensifying financial crisis swept the global financial market and economic operation of the entity. There are some questions which Chinese scholars has been asking and answering: what can we study from this financial crisis, and how to promote the reform of financial system in full consideration of the basis of its own national conditions.ZHOU Xiaochuan (2004) proposed the“financial ecology”concept, which was published in Financial Times and then was developed to be an innovative and comprehensive systematic theory by Chinese scholars. However, Compared to the financial function theory and the financial structure theory both of which are relatively mature, the financial ecological theory are more likely be seen as“tool”to evaluate the environment rather then as“theory”to explain the financial phenomenon. And therefore, this paper would discuss the relationship between the“current”and“credit”as a starting point, and make the“current flow”and“credit cycle”as the core of the financial ecological theory to modify the existing theoretical framework, and then to use this theory in China-US comparative study of financial ecosystem.This paper analyzed the fundamental ecological niche and the competitive behiors played by the financial ecology of the main in U.S. financial system, and reviewed the mechani of financial crisis from new perspective, and then drew the conclusion: the key factor in the evolution of U.S. financial ecosystem is the development of“third party”mechani; the power of evolution came from the competitive behior mode based on exploring domestic consumption and the international debt mode based on dollar; even after the financial crisis, relying on the strong political and economic status in the international area, especially on large-scale foreign investment and high capital gains, U.S. financial ecosystem will continue to develop in the long term.Compared to the United States, the Chinese reform which seen as“from top to down”and the“collectivi”approach is not conducive to the establishment of financial ecosystem with the mechani of self-coordination and self-development. Lack of competition and disorderly competition issues caused Chinese commercial banks lack of self-innovation. Because Chinese commercial banks relied too much on financial investment, focused too much on state-owned enterprises, which caused the limited support by Chinese financial ecosystem for the real economic development and industrial upgrading and then weak the ability of“fund-raising in the country”at the macro and the ability of“bulk funding to the people”at the micro.Considering the U.S. experience, Chinese financial ecosystem reform should be based on the domestic market, and Chinese commercial banks should be more positive in the innovation of financial products in order to fully exploit the potential of domestic capital and consumption, especially for supporting those enterprises which he potential for long-term development, the Chinese foreign direct investment in the further development, and the increase of capital gains. These competitive innovation behiors will help to improve the status of Chinese capital in the international financial market, and finally to enhance the competitiveness and profitability of Chinese commercial banks.